printf stuff mei/printf

4 files changed, 1772 insertions, 66 deletions

diff --git a/usr/src/mei/printf/formats.7.man b/usr/src/mei/printf/formats.7.man
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c10ccdf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/usr/src/mei/printf/formats.7.man
@@ -0,0 +1,355 @@
+FORMATS(7)            Standards, Environments, and Macros           FORMATS(7)
+
+NNAAMMEE
+       formats - file format notation
+
+DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
+       Utility descriptions use a syntax to describe the data organization
+       within files—stdin, stdout, stderr, input files, and output files—when
+       that organization is not otherwise obvious. The syntax is similar to
+       that used by the  pprriinnttff(3C) function.  When used for stdin or input
+       file descriptions, this syntax describes the format that could have
+       been used to write the text to be read, not a format that could be used
+       by the ssccaannff(3C) function to read the input file.
+
+   FFoorrmmaatt
+       The description of an individual record is as follows:
+
+         "<ffoorrmmaatt>", [<_a_r_g_1>, <_a_r_g_2>, ..., <_a_r_g_n>]
+
+
+
+       The ffoorrmmaatt is a character string that contains three types of objects
+       defined below:
+
+       _c_h_a_r_a_c_t_e_r_s
+                                     Characters that are not _e_s_c_a_p_e _s_e_q_u_e_n_c_e_s
+                                     or _c_o_n_v_e_r_s_i_o_n _s_p_e_c_i_f_i_c_a_t_i_o_n_s, as
+                                     described below, are copied to the
+                                     output.
+
+
+       _e_s_c_a_p_e _s_e_q_u_e_n_c_e_s
+                                     Represent non-graphic characters.
+
+
+       _c_o_n_v_e_r_s_i_o_n _s_p_e_c_i_f_i_c_a_t_i_o_n_s
+                                     Specifies the output format of each
+                                     argument. (See below.)
+
+
+
+       The following characters have the following special meaning in the
+       format string:
+
+       ```` ''''
+                  (An empty character position.) One or more blank characters.
+
+
+       //\\
+                  Exactly one space character.
+
+
+
+       The notation for spaces allows some flexibility for application output.
+       Note that an empty character position in ffoorrmmaatt represents one or more
+       blank characters on the output (not _w_h_i_t_e _s_p_a_c_e, which can include
+       newline characters). Therefore, another utility that reads that output
+       as its input must be prepared to parse the data using ssccaannff(3C),
+       aawwkk(1), and so forth. The  character is used when exactly one space
+       character is output.
+
+   EEssccaappee SSeeqquueenncceess
+       The following table lists escape sequences and  associated actions on
+       display devices capable of the action.
+
+
+
+
+       SSeeqquueennccee      CChhaarraacctteerr       TTeerrmmiinnaall AAccttiioonn
+       ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+       \\\\         backslash         None.
+       \\aa         alert             Attempts to alert
+                                    the user through
+                                    audible or visible
+                                    notification.
+       \\bb         backspace         Moves the printing
+                                    position to one
+                                    column before the
+                                    current position,
+                                    unless the current
+                                    position is the
+                                    start of a line.
+       \\ff         form-feed         Moves the printing
+                                    position to the
+                                    initial printing
+                                    position of the
+                                    next logical page.
+       \\nn         newline           Moves the printing
+                                    position to the
+                                    start of the next
+                                    line.
+       \\rr         carriage-return   Moves the printing
+                                    position to the
+                                    start of the
+                                    current line.
+       \\tt         tab               Moves the printing
+                                    position to the
+                                    next tab position
+                                    on the current
+                                    line. If there are
+                                    no more tab
+                                    positions left on
+                                    the line, the
+                                    behavior is
+                                    undefined.
+       \\vv         vertical-tab      Moves the printing
+                                    position to the
+                                    start of the next
+                                    vertical tab
+                                    position. If there
+                                    are no more
+                                    vertical tab
+                                    positions left on
+                                    the page, the
+                                    behavior is
+                                    undefined.
+
+
+   CCoonnvveerrssiioonn SSppeecciiffiiccaattiioonnss
+       Each conversion specification is introduced by the percent-sign
+       character (%).  After the character %, the following appear in
+       sequence:
+
+       _f_l_a_g_s
+                                 Zero or more _f_l_a_g_s, in any order, that modify
+                                 the meaning of the conversion specification.
+
+
+       _f_i_e_l_d _w_i_d_t_h
+                                 An optional string of decimal digits to
+                                 specify a minimum _f_i_e_l_d _w_i_d_t_h.  For an output
+                                 field, if the converted value has fewer bytes
+                                 than the field width, it is padded on the
+                                 left (or right, if the left-adjustment flag
+                                 (−), described below, has been given to the
+                                 field width).
+
+
+       _p_r_e_c_i_s_i_o_n
+                                 Gives the minimum number of digits to appear
+                                 for the d, o, i, u, x or X conversions (the
+                                 field is padded with leading zeros), the
+                                 number of digits to appear after the radix
+                                 character for the e and f conversions, the
+                                 maximum number of significant digits for the
+                                 g conversion; or the maximum number of bytes
+                                 to be written from a string in s conversion.
+                                 The precision takes the form of a period (.)
+                                 followed by a decimal digit string; a null
+                                 digit string is treated as zero.
+
+
+       _c_o_n_v_e_r_s_i_o_n _c_h_a_r_a_c_t_e_r_s
+                                 A conversion character (see below) that
+                                 indicates the type of conversion to be
+                                 applied.
+
+
+   _f_l_a_g_s
+       The _f_l_a_g_s and their meanings are:
+
+       _−
+                   The result of the conversion is left-justified within the
+                   field.
+
+
+       _+
+                   The result of a signed conversion always begins with a sign
+                   (+ or −).
+
+
+       _<_s_p_a_c_e_>
+                   If the first character of a signed conversion is not a
+                   sign, a space character is prefixed to the result. This
+                   means that if the space character and + flags both appear,
+                   the space character flag is ignored.
+
+
+       _#
+                   The value is to be converted to an alternative form. For c,
+                   d, i, u, and s conversions, the behaviour is undefined. For
+                   o conversion, it increases the precision to force the first
+                   digit of the result to be a zero. For x or X conversion, a
+                   non-zero result has 0x or 0X prefixed to it, respectively.
+                   For e, E, f, g, and G conversions, the result always
+                   contains a radix character, even if no digits follow the
+                   radix character. For g and G conversions, trailing zeros
+                   are not removed from the result as they usually are.
+
+
+       _0
+                   For d, i, o, u, x, X, e, E, f, g, and G conversions,
+                   leading zeros (following any indication of sign or base)
+                   are used to pad to the field width; no space padding is
+                   performed. If the 0 and − flags both appear, the 0 flag is
+                   ignored. For d, i, o, u, x and X conversions, if a
+                   precision is specified, the 0 flag is ignored. For other
+                   conversions, the behaviour is undefined.
+
+
+   CCoonnvveerrssiioonn CChhaarraacctteerrss
+       Each conversion character results in fetching zero or more arguments.
+       The results are undefined if there are insufficient arguments for the
+       format. If the format is exhausted while arguments remain, the excess
+       arguments are ignored.
+
+
+       The _c_o_n_v_e_r_s_i_o_n _c_h_a_r_a_c_t_e_r_s and their meanings are:
+
+       _d_,_i_,_o_,_u_,_x_,_X
+                       The integer argument is written as signed decimal (d or
+                       i), unsigned octal (o), unsigned decimal (u), or
+                       unsigned hexadecimal notation (x and X). The d and i
+                       specifiers convert to signed decimal in the style
+                       [[−]]_d_d_d_d.  The x conversion uses the numbers and letters
+                       0123456789abcdef and the X conversion uses the numbers
+                       and letters 0123456789ABCDEF. The _p_r_e_c_i_s_i_o_n component
+                       of the argument specifies the minimum number of digits
+                       to appear. If the value being converted can be
+                       represented in fewer digits than the specified minimum,
+                       it is expanded with leading zeros. The default
+                       precision is 1. The result of converting a zero value
+                       with a precision of 0 is no characters. If both the
+                       field width and precision are omitted, the
+                       implementation may precede, follow or precede and
+                       follow numeric arguments of types d, i and u with blank
+                       characters; arguments of type o (octal) may be preceded
+                       with leading zeros.
+
+                       The treatment of integers and spaces is different from
+                       the pprriinnttff(3C) function in that they can be surrounded
+                       with blank characters. This was done so that, given a
+                       format such as:
+
+                         "%d\n",<_f_o_o>
+
+                       the implementation could use a pprriinnttff(()) call such as:
+
+                         printf("%6d\n", _f_o_o);
+
+                       and still conform. This notation is thus somewhat like
+                       ssccaannff(()) in addition to pprriinnttff(())..
+
+
+       _f
+                       The floating point number argument is written in
+                       decimal notation in the style [[−]]_d_d_d._d_d_d, where the
+                       number of digits after the radix character (shown here
+                       as a decimal point) is equal to the _p_r_e_c_i_s_i_o_n
+                       specification. The LLCC__NNUUMMEERRIICC locale category
+                       determines the radix character to use in this format.
+                       If the _p_r_e_c_i_s_i_o_n is omitted from the argument, six
+                       digits are written after the radix character; if the
+                       _p_r_e_c_i_s_i_o_n is explicitly 0, no radix character appears.
+
+
+       _e_,_E
+                       The floating point number argument is written in the
+                       style [[−]]_d._d_d_de±dddd (the symbol ± indicates either a
+                       plus or minus sign), where there is one digit before
+                       the radix character (shown here as a decimal point) and
+                       the number of digits after it is equal to the
+                       precision. The  LLCC__NNUUMMEERRIICC locale category determines
+                       the radix character to use in this format. When the
+                       precision is missing, six digits are  written after the
+                       radix character; if the precision is 0, no radix
+                       character appears. The E conversion character produces
+                       a number with E instead of e introducing the exponent.
+                       The exponent always contains at least two digits.
+                       However, if the value to be written requires an
+                       exponent greater than two digits, additional exponent
+                       digits are written as necessary.
+
+
+       _g_,_G
+                       The floating point number argument is written in style
+                       f or e (or in style E in the case of a G conversion
+                       character), with the precision specifying the number of
+                       significant digits. The style used depends on the value
+                       converted: style g is used only if the exponent
+                       resulting from the conversion is less than −4 or
+                       greater than or equal to the precision. Trailing zeros
+                       are removed from the result. A radix character appears
+                       only if it is followed by a digit.
+
+
+       _c
+                       The integer argument is converted to an uunnssiiggnneedd cchhaarr
+                       and the resulting byte is written.
+
+
+       _s
+                       The argument is taken to be a string and bytes from the
+                       string are written until the end of the string or the
+                       number of bytes indicated by the _p_r_e_c_i_s_i_o_n
+                       specification of the argument is reached. If the
+                       precision is omitted from the argument, it is taken to
+                       be infinite, so all bytes up to the end of the string
+                       are written.
+
+
+       _%
+                       Write a % character; no argument is converted.
+
+
+
+       In no case does a non-existent or insufficient _f_i_e_l_d _w_i_d_t_h cause
+       truncation of a field; if the result of a conversion is wider than the
+       field width, the field is simply expanded to contain the conversion
+       result. The term _f_i_e_l_d _w_i_d_t_h should not be confused with the term
+       _p_r_e_c_i_s_i_o_n used in the description of %s.
+
+
+       One difference from the C function pprriinnttff(()) is that the l and h
+       conversion characters are not used. There is no differentiation between
+       decimal values for type iinntt, type  lloonngg, or type  sshhoorrtt. The
+       specifications %d or %i should be interpreted as an arbitrary length
+       sequence of digits. Also, no distinction is made between single
+       precision and double precision numbers (ffllooaatt or ddoouubbllee in C).  These
+       are simply referred to as floating point numbers.
+
+
+       Many of the output descriptions  use the term lliinnee, such as:
+
+         "%s", <_i_n_p_u_t _l_i_n_e>
+
+
+
+       Since the definition of lliinnee includes the trailing newline character
+       already, there is no need to include a \\nn in the format; a double
+       newline character would otherwise result.
+
+EEXXAAMMPPLLEESS
+       EExxaammppllee 11 To represent the output of a program that prints a date and
+       time in the form Sunday, July 3, 10:02, where _<_w_e_e_k_d_a_y_> and _<_m_o_n_t_h_> are
+       strings:
+
+         "%s,/\%s/\%d,/\%d:%.2d\n",<_w_e_e_k_d_a_y>,<_m_o_n_t_h>,<_d_a_y>,<_h_o_u_r>,<_m_i_n>
+
+
+       EExxaammppllee 22 To show pi written to 5 decimal places:
+
+         "pi/\=/\%.5f\n",<_v_a_l_u_e _o_f _p_i>
+
+
+       EExxaammppllee 33 To show an input file format consisting of five colon-
+       separated fields:
+
+         "%s:%s:%s:%s:%s\n",<_a_r_g_1>,<_a_r_g_2>,<_a_r_g_3>,<_a_r_g_4>,<_a_r_g_5>
+
+
+SSEEEE AALLSSOO
+       aawwkk(1), pprriinnttff(1), pprriinnttff(3C), ssccaannff(3C)
+
+                                March 28, 1995                      FORMATS(7)
diff --git a/usr/src/mei/printf/printf.1.man b/usr/src/mei/printf/printf.1.man
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..259e9a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/usr/src/mei/printf/printf.1.man
@@ -0,0 +1,692 @@
+PRINTF(1)                        User Commands                       PRINTF(1)
+
+NNAAMMEE
+       printf - write formatted output
+
+SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
+   //uussrr//bbiinn//pprriinnttff
+       pprriinnttff _f_o_r_m_a_t [_a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t]...
+
+
+   kksshh9933
+       pprriinnttff _f_o_r_m_a_t [_s_t_r_i_n_g...]
+
+
+DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
+   //uussrr//bbiinn//pprriinnttff
+       The pprriinnttff utility writes each string operand to standard output using
+       _f_o_r_m_a_t to control the output format.
+
+OOPPEERRAANNDDSS
+   //uussrr//bbiinn//pprriinnttff
+       The following operands are supported by //uussrr//bbiinn//pprriinnttff:
+
+       _f_o_r_m_a_t
+                   A string describing the format to use to write the
+                   remaining operands. The _f_o_r_m_a_t operand is used as the
+                   _f_o_r_m_a_t string described on the ffoorrmmaattss(7) manual page, with
+                   the following exceptions:
+
+                       o      A SSPPAACCEE character in the format string, in any
+                              context other than a flag of a conversion
+                              specification, is treated as an ordinary
+                              character that is copied to the output.
+
+                       o      A character in the format string is treated as a
+                              character, not as a SSPPAACCEE character.
+
+                       o      In addition to the escape sequences described on
+                              the ffoorrmmaattss(7) manual page (\\\\, \\aa, \\bb, \\ff, \\nn,
+                              \\rr, \\tt, \\vv), \\_d_d_d, where _d_d_d is a one-, two- or
+                              three-digit octal number, is written as a byte
+                              with the numeric value specified by the octal
+                              number.
+
+                       o      The program does not precede or follow output
+                              from the dd or uu conversion specifications with
+                              blank characters not specified by the _f_o_r_m_a_t
+                              operand.
+
+                       o      The program does not precede output from the oo
+                              conversion specification with zeros not
+                              specified by the _f_o_r_m_a_t operand.
+
+                       o      The argument used for the conversion character
+                              (or width or precision parameters, see below)
+                              may be taken from the _nnth argument instead of
+                              the next unused argument, by specifying _n$$
+                              immediately following the %% character, or the **
+                              character (for width or precision arguments).
+                              If _n$$ appears in any conversions in the format
+                              string, then it must be used for all
+                              conversions, including any variable width or
+                              precision specifiers.
+
+                       o      The special character ** may be used instead of a
+                              string of decimal digits to indicate a minimum
+                              field width or a precision.  In this case the
+                              next available argument is used (or the _nth if
+                              the form _n$$ is used), treating its value as a
+                              decimal string.
+
+                       o      An additional conversion character, bb, is
+                              supported as follows. The argument is taken to
+                              be a string that can contain backslash-escape
+                              sequences.  The following backslash-escape
+                              sequences are supported:
+
+                           o      the escape sequences listed on the
+                                  ffoorrmmaattss(7) manual page (\\\\, \\aa, \\bb, \\ff, \\nn,
+                                  \\rr, \\tt, \\vv), which are converted to the
+                                  characters they represent
+
+                           o      \\00_d_d_d, where _d_d_d is a zero-, one-, two- or
+                                  three-digit octal number that is converted
+                                  to a byte with the numeric value specified
+                                  by the octal number
+
+                           o      \\cc, which is written and causes pprriinnttff to
+                                  ignore any remaining characters in the
+                                  string operand containing it, any remaining
+                                  string operands and any additional
+                                  characters in the _f_o_r_m_a_t operand.
+                   The interpretation of a backslash followed by any other
+                   sequence of characters is unspecified.
+
+                   Bytes from the converted string are written until the end
+                   of the string or the number of bytes indicated by the
+                   precision specification is reached. If the precision is
+                   omitted, it is taken to be infinite, so all bytes up to the
+                   end of the converted string are written. For each
+                   specification that consumes an argument, the next argument
+                   operand is evaluated and converted to the appropriate type
+                   for the conversion as specified below. The _f_o_r_m_a_t operand
+                   is reused as often as necessary to satisfy the argument
+                   operands. Any extra cc or ss conversion specifications are
+                   evaluated as if a null string argument were supplied; other
+                   extra conversion specifications are evaluated as if a zero
+                   argument were supplied.
+
+                   When there are more argument operands than format
+                   specifiers, and the format includes _n$$ position indicators,
+                   then the format is reprocessed from the beginning as above,
+                   but with the argument list starting from the next argument
+                   after the highest _nth argument previously encountered.
+
+                   If the _f_o_r_m_a_t operand contains no conversion specifications
+                   and _a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t operands are present, the results are
+                   unspecified. If a character sequence in the _f_o_r_m_a_t operand
+                   begins with a %% character, but does not form a valid
+                   conversion specification, the behavior is unspecified.
+
+
+       _a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t
+                   The strings to be written to standard output, under the
+                   control of ffoorrmmaatt. The _a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t operands are treated as
+                   strings if the corresponding conversion character is bb, cc
+                   or ss. Otherwise, it is evaluated as a C constant, as
+                   described by the ISO C standard, with the following
+                   extensions:
+
+                       o      A leading plus or minus sign is allowed.
+
+                       o      If the leading character is a single- or double-
+                              quote, the value is the numeric value in the
+                              underlying codeset of the character following
+                              the single- or double-quote.
+                   If an argument operand cannot be completely converted into
+                   an internal value appropriate to the corresponding
+                   conversion specification, a diagnostic message is written
+                   to standard error and the utility does not exit with a zero
+                   exit status, but continues processing any remaining
+                   operands and writes the value accumulated at the time the
+                   error was detected to standard output.
+
+
+   kksshh9933
+       The _f_o_r_m_a_t operands support the full range of ANSI C/C99/XPG6
+       formatting specifiers as well as additional specifiers:
+
+       %%bb
+             Each character in the string operand is processed specially, as
+             follows:
+
+             \\aa
+                     Alert character.
+
+
+             \\bb
+                     Backspace character.
+
+
+             \\cc
+                     Terminate output without appending NEWLINE. The remaining
+                     string operands are ignored.
+
+
+             \\EE
+                     Escape character (AASSCCIIII octal 003333).
+
+
+             \\ff
+                     FORM FEED character.
+
+
+             \\nn
+                     NEWLINE character.
+
+
+             \\tt
+                     TAB character.
+
+
+             \\vv
+                     Vertical tab character.
+
+
+             \\\\
+                     Backslash character.
+
+
+             \\00_x
+                     The 8-bit character whose AASSCCIIII code is the 11-, 22-, or
+                     33-digit octal number _x.
+
+
+
+       %%BB
+             Treat the argument as a variable name and output the value
+             without converting it to a string. This is most useful for
+             variables of type --bb.
+
+
+       %%HH
+             Output string with characters <<, &&, >>, "", and non-printable
+             characters, properly escaped for use in HTML and XML documents.
+
+
+       %%PP
+             Treat _s_t_r_i_n_g as an extended regular expression and convert it to
+             a shell pattern.
+
+
+       %%qq
+             Output _s_t_r_i_n_g quoted in a manner that it can be read in by the
+             shell to get back the same string. However, empty strings
+             resulting from missing string operands are not quoted.
+
+
+       %%RR
+             Treat _s_t_r_i_n_g as an shell pattern expression and convert it to an
+             extended regular expression.
+
+
+       %%TT
+             Treat _s_t_r_i_n_g as a date/time string and format it. The TT can be
+             preceded by (_d_f_o_r_m_a_t), where _d_f_o_r_m_a_t is a date format as defined
+             by the ddaattee(1) command.
+
+
+       %%ZZ
+             Output a byte whose value is 00.
+
+
+
+       When performing conversions of _s_t_r_i_n_g to satisfy a numeric format
+       specifier, if the first character of _s_t_r_i_n_g is ""oorr'', the value is the
+       numeric value in the underlying code set of the character following the
+       ""oorr''. Otherwise, _s_t_r_i_n_g is treated like a shell arithmetic expression
+       and evaluated.
+
+
+       If a _s_t_r_i_n_g operand cannot be completely converted into a value
+       appropriate for that format specifier, an error occurs, but remaining
+       _s_t_r_i_n_g operands continue to be processed.
+
+
+       In addition to the format specifier extensions, the following
+       extensions of ANSI C/C99/XPG6 are permitted in format specifiers:
+
+           o      The escape sequences \\EE and \\ee expand to the escape
+                  character which is octal 033 in ASCII.
+
+           o      The escape sequence \\ccxx expands to CTRL-x.
+
+           o      The escape sequence \\CC[[.._n_a_m_e..]] expands to the collating
+                  element _n_a_m_e.
+
+           o      The escape sequence \\xx{{hheexx}} expands to the character
+                  corresponding to the hexadecimal value hheexx.
+
+           o      The format modifier flag = can be used to center a field to
+                  a specified width.  When the output is a terminal, the
+                  character width is used rather than the number of bytes.
+
+           o      Each of the integral format specifiers can have a third
+                  modifier after width and precision that specifies the base
+                  of the conversion from 2 to 64. In this case, the ## modifier
+                  causes _b_a_s_e## to be prepended to the value.
+
+           o      The ## modifier can be used with the dd specifier when no base
+                  is specified to cause the output to be written in units of
+                  1000 with a suffix of one of kk MM GG TT PP EE.
+
+           o      The ## modifier can be used with the ii specifier to cause the
+                  output to be written in units of 11002244 with a suffix of one
+                  of KKii MMii GGii TTii PPii EEii.
+
+
+       If there are more _s_t_r_i_n_g operands than format specifiers, the format
+       string is reprocessed from the beginning. If there are fewer _s_t_r_i_n_g
+       operands than format specifiers, then _s_t_r_i_n_g specifiers are treated as
+       if empty strings were supplied, numeric conversions are treated as if 00
+       was supplied, and time conversions are treated as if nnooww was supplied.
+
+
+       When there are more argument operands than format specifiers, and the
+       format includes _n$$ position indicators, then the format is reprocessed
+       from the beginning as above, but with the argument list starting from
+       the next argument after the highest _nth argument previously
+       encountered.
+
+
+       //uussrr//bbiinn//pprriinnttff is equivalent to kksshh9933's pprriinnttff built-in and pprriinntt --ff,
+       which allows additional options to be specified.
+
+UUSSAAGGEE
+   //uussrr//bbiinn//pprriinnttff
+       The pprriinnttff utility, like the pprriinnttff(3C) function on which it is based,
+       makes no special provision for dealing with multi-byte characters when
+       using the %%cc conversion specification. Applications should be extremely
+       cautious using either of these features when there are multi-byte
+       characters in the character set.
+
+
+       The %%bb conversion specification is not part of the ISO C standard; it
+       has been added here as a portable way to process backslash escapes
+       expanded in string operands as provided by the eecchhoo utility. See also
+       the USAGE section of the eecchhoo(1) manual page for ways to use pprriinnttff as
+       a replacement for all of the traditional versions of the eecchhoo utility.
+
+
+       If an argument cannot be parsed correctly for the corresponding
+       conversion specification, the pprriinnttff utility reports an error. Thus,
+       overflow and extraneous characters at the end of an argument being used
+       for a numeric conversion are to be reported as errors.
+
+
+       It is not considered an error if an argument operand is not completely
+       used for a cc or ss conversion or if a string operand's first or second
+       character is used to get the numeric value of a character.
+
+EEXXAAMMPPLLEESS
+   //uussrr//bbiinn//pprriinnttff
+       EExxaammppllee 11 Printing a Series of Prompts
+
+
+       The following example alerts the user, then prints and reads a series
+       of prompts:
+
+
+         example% pprriinnttff ""\\aaPPlleeaassee ffiillll iinn tthhee ffoolllloowwiinngg:: \\nnNNaammee:: ""
+         rreeaadd nnaammee
+         pprriinnttff ""PPhhoonnee nnuummbbeerr:: ""
+         rreeaadd pphhoonnee
+
+
+
+       EExxaammppllee 22 Printing a Table of Calculations
+
+
+       The following example prints a table of calculations. It reads out a
+       list of right and wrong answers from a file, calculates the percentage
+       correctly, and prints them out. The numbers are right-justified and
+       separated by a single tab character. The percentage is written to one
+       decimal place of accuracy:
+
+
+         example% wwhhiillee rreeaadd rriigghhtt wwrroonngg ;; ddoo
+            ppeerrcceenntt==$$((eecchhoo ""ssccaallee==11;;(($$rriigghhtt**110000))//(($$rriigghhtt++$$wwrroonngg))"" || bbcc))
+            pprriinnttff ""%%22dd rriigghhtt\\tt%%22dd wwrroonngg\\tt((%%ss%%%%))\\nn"" \\
+                 $$rriigghhtt $$wwrroonngg $$ppeerrcceenntt
+         ddoonnee << ddaattaabbaassee__ffiillee
+
+
+
+       EExxaammppllee 33 Printing number strings
+
+
+       The command:
+
+
+         example% pprriinnttff ""%%55dd%%44dd\\nn"" 11 2211 332211 44332211 5544332211
+
+
+
+
+       produces:
+
+
+             1  21
+           3214321
+         54321   0
+
+
+
+
+       The _f_o_r_m_a_t operand is used three times to print all of the given
+       strings and that a 00 was supplied by pprriinnttff to satisfy the last %%44dd
+       conversion specification.
+
+
+       EExxaammppllee 44 Tabulating Conversion Errors
+
+
+       The following example tabulates conversion errors.
+
+
+
+       The pprriinnttff utility tells the user when conversion errors are detected
+       while producing numeric output. These results would be expected on an
+       implementation with 32-bit twos-complement integers when %%dd is
+       specified as the _f_o_r_m_a_t operand:
+
+
+
+
+
+       ┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+       │ Arguments     Standard                   Diagnostic               │
+       │5a            5             printf: 5a not completely converted    │
+       │9999999999    2147483647    printf: 9999999999: Results too large  │
+       │-9999999999   -2147483648   printf: -9999999999: Results too large │
+       │ABC           0             printf: ABC expected numeric value     │
+       └───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+
+
+       The value shown on standard output is what would be expected as the
+       return value from the function ssttrrttooll(3C). A similar correspondence
+       exists between %%uu and ssttrrttoouull(3C), and %%ee, %%ff and %%gg and ssttrrttoodd(3C).
+
+
+       EExxaammppllee 55 Printing Output for a Specific Locale
+
+
+       The following example prints output for a specific locale. In a locale
+       using the ISO/IEC 646:1991 standard as the underlying codeset, the
+       command:
+
+
+         example% pprriinnttff ""%%dd\\nn"" 33 ++33 --33 \\''33 \\""++33 ""''--33""
+
+
+
+
+       produces:
+
+
+
+
+
+       ┌──────────────────────────────────┐
+       │33    Numeric value of constant 3  │
+       │33    Numeric value of constant 3  │
+       │−−33   Numeric value of constant −3 │
+       │5511   Numeric value of the         │
+       │     character `3' in the ISO/IEC │
+       │     646:1991 standard codeset    │
+       │4433   Numeric value of the         │
+       │     character `+' in the ISO/IEC │
+       │     646:1991 standard codeset    │
+       │4455   Numeric value of the         │
+       │     character `−' in the SO/IEC  │
+       │     646:1991 standard codeset    │
+       └──────────────────────────────────┘
+
+
+       In a locale with multi-byte characters, the value of a character is
+       intended to be the value of the equivalent of the wwcchhaarr__tt
+       representation of the character.
+
+
+
+       If an argument operand cannot be completely converted into an internal
+       value appropriate to the corresponding conversion specification, a
+       diagnostic message is written to standard error and the utility does
+       exit with a zero exit status, but continues processing any remaining
+       operands and writes the value accumulated at the time the error was
+       detected to standard output.
+
+
+       EExxaammppllee 66 Alternative floating point representation 1
+
+
+       The pprriinnttff utility supports an alternative floating point
+       representation (see pprriinnttff(3C) entry for the "%%aa"/"%%AA"), which allows
+       the output of floating-point values in a format that avoids the usual
+       base16 to base10 rounding errors.
+
+
+         example% printf "%a\n" 2 3.1 NaN
+
+
+
+
+       produces:
+
+
+         0x1.0000000000000000000000000000p+01
+         0x1.8ccccccccccccccccccccccccccdp+01
+         nan
+
+
+
+       EExxaammppllee 77 Alternative floating point representation 2
+
+
+       The following example shows two different representations of the same
+       floating-point value.
+
+
+         example% x=2 ; printf "%f == %a\n" x x
+
+
+
+
+       produces:
+
+
+         2.000000 == 0x1.0000000000000000000000000000p+01
+
+
+
+       EExxaammppllee 88 Output of unicode values
+
+
+       The following command will print the EURO unicode symbol (code-point
+       0x20ac).
+
+
+         example% LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8 printf "[20ac]\n"
+
+
+
+
+       produces:
+
+
+         <euro>
+
+
+
+
+       where "<euro>" represents the EURO currency symbol character.
+
+
+       EExxaammppllee 99 Convert unicode character to unicode code-point value
+
+
+       The following command will print the hexadecimal value of a given
+       character.
+
+
+         example% export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
+         example% printf "%x\n" "'<euro>"
+
+
+
+
+       where "<euro>" represents the EURO currency symbol character (code-
+       point 0x20ac).
+
+
+
+       produces:
+
+
+         20ac
+
+
+
+       EExxaammppllee 1100 Print the numeric value of an ASCII character
+
+         example% printf "%d\n" "'A"
+
+
+
+
+       produces:
+
+
+         65
+
+
+
+       EExxaammppllee 1111 Print the language-independent date and time format
+
+
+       To print the language-independent date and time format, the following
+       statement could be used:
+
+
+         example% printf "format" weekday month day hour min
+
+
+
+
+       For example,
+
+
+         $ printf format "Sunday" "July" 3 10 2
+
+
+
+
+       For American usage, format could be the string:
+
+
+         "%s, %s %d, %d:%.2d\n"
+
+
+
+
+       producing the message:
+
+
+         Sunday, July 3, 10:02
+
+
+
+
+       Whereas for EU usage, format could be the string:
+
+
+         "%1$s, %3$d. %2$s, %4$d:%5$.2d\n"
+
+
+
+
+       Note that the '$' characters must be properly escaped, such as
+
+
+         "%1\$s, %3\$d. %2\$s, %4\$d:%5\$.2d\n" in this case
+
+
+
+
+       producing the message:
+
+
+         Sunday, 3. July, 10:02
+
+
+
+EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT VVAARRIIAABBLLEESS
+       See eennvviirroonn(7) for descriptions of the following environment variables
+       that affect the execution of pprriinnttff: LLAANNGG, LLCC__AALLLL, LLCC__CCTTYYPPEE,
+       LLCC__MMEESSSSAAGGEESS, LLCC__NNUUMMEERRIICC, and NNLLSSPPAATTHH.
+
+EEXXIITT SSTTAATTUUSS
+       The following exit values are returned:
+
+       00
+             Successful completion.
+
+
+       >>00
+             An error occurred.
+
+
+AATTTTRRIIBBUUTTEESS
+       See aattttrriibbuutteess(7) for descriptions of the following attributes:
+
+   //uussrr//bbiinn//pprriinnttff
+
+
+
+       ┌────────────────────┬───────────────────┐
+       │  ATTRIBUTE TYPE    │  ATTRIBUTE VALUE  │
+       ├────────────────────┼───────────────────┤
+       │CSI                 │ Enabled           │
+       ├────────────────────┼───────────────────┤
+       │Interface Stability │ Committed         │
+       ├────────────────────┼───────────────────┤
+       │Standard            │ See ssttaannddaarrddss(7). │
+       └────────────────────┴───────────────────┘
+
+   kksshh9933
+
+
+
+       ┌────────────────────┬─────────────────┐
+       │  ATTRIBUTE TYPE    │ ATTRIBUTE VALUE │
+       ├────────────────────┼─────────────────┤
+       │Interface Stability │ Uncommitted     │
+       └────────────────────┴─────────────────┘
+
+SSEEEE AALLSSOO
+       aawwkk(1), bbcc(1), ddaattee(1), eecchhoo(1), kksshh9933(1), pprriinnttff(3C), ssttrrttoodd(3C),
+       ssttrrttooll(3C), ssttrrttoouull(3C), aattttrriibbuutteess(7), eennvviirroonn(7), ffoorrmmaattss(7),
+       ssttaannddaarrddss(7)
+
+NNOOTTEESS
+       Using format specifiers (characters following '%') which are not listed
+       in the pprriinnttff(3C) or this manual page will result in undefined
+       behavior.
+
+
+       Using escape sequences (the character following a backslash ('\'))
+       which are not listed in the pprriinnttff(3C) or this manual page will result
+       in undefined behavior.
+
+
+       Floating-point values follow C99, XPG6 and IEEE 754 standard behavior
+       and can handle values the same way as the platform's |lloonngg ddoouubbllee|
+       datatype.
+
+
+       Floating-point values handle the sign separately which allows signs for
+       values like NaN (for example, -nan), Infinite (for example, -inf) and
+       zero (for example, -0.0).
+
+                                 May 11, 2014                        PRINTF(1)
diff --git a/usr/src/mei/printf/printf.c b/usr/src/mei/printf/printf.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5948ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/usr/src/mei/printf/printf.c
@@ -0,0 +1,643 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2014 Garrett D'Amore <[email protected]>
+ * Copyright 2010 Nexenta Systems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
+ *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+ *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ *    without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include <err.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <alloca.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <note.h>
+
+#define	warnx1(a, b, c)		warnx(a)
+#define	warnx2(a, b, c)		warnx(a, b)
+#define	warnx3(a, b, c)		warnx(a, b, c)
+
+#define	PTRDIFF(x, y)	((uintptr_t)(x) - (uintptr_t)(y))
+
+#define	_(x)	gettext(x)
+
+#define	PF(f, func) do {						\
+	char *b = NULL;							\
+	if (havewidth)							\
+		if (haveprec)						\
+			(void) asprintf(&b, f, fieldwidth, precision, func); \
+		else							\
+			(void) asprintf(&b, f, fieldwidth, func);	\
+	else if (haveprec)						\
+		(void) asprintf(&b, f, precision, func);		\
+	else								\
+		(void) asprintf(&b, f, func);				\
+	if (b) {							\
+		(void) fputs(b, stdout);				\
+		free(b);						\
+	}								\
+_NOTE(CONSTCOND) } while (0)
+
+static int	 asciicode(void);
+static char	*doformat(char *, int *);
+static int	 escape(char *, int, size_t *);
+static int	 getchr(void);
+static int	 getfloating(long double *, int);
+static int	 getint(int *);
+static int	 getnum(intmax_t *, uintmax_t *, int);
+static const char
+		*getstr(void);
+static char	*mknum(char *, char);
+static void	 usage(void);
+
+static const char digits[] = "0123456789";
+
+static int  myargc;
+static char **myargv;
+static char **gargv;
+static char **maxargv;
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	size_t len;
+	int end, rval;
+	char *format, *fmt, *start;
+
+	(void) setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
+
+	argv++;
+	argc--;
+
+	/*
+	 * POSIX says: Standard utilities that do not accept options,
+	 * but that do accept operands, shall recognize "--" as a
+	 * first argument to be discarded.
+	 */
+	if (argc && strcmp(argv[0], "--") == 0) {
+		argc--;
+		argv++;
+	}
+
+	if (argc < 1) {
+		usage();
+		return (1);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Basic algorithm is to scan the format string for conversion
+	 * specifications -- once one is found, find out if the field
+	 * width or precision is a '*'; if it is, gather up value.  Note,
+	 * format strings are reused as necessary to use up the provided
+	 * arguments, arguments of zero/null string are provided to use
+	 * up the format string.
+	 */
+	fmt = format = *argv;
+	(void) escape(fmt, 1, &len);	/* backslash interpretation */
+	rval = end = 0;
+	gargv = ++argv;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		maxargv = gargv;
+
+		myargv = gargv;
+		for (myargc = 0; gargv[myargc]; myargc++)
+			/* nop */;
+		start = fmt;
+		while (fmt < format + len) {
+			if (fmt[0] == '%') {
+				(void) fwrite(start, 1, PTRDIFF(fmt, start),
+				    stdout);
+				if (fmt[1] == '%') {
+					/* %% prints a % */
+					(void) putchar('%');
+					fmt += 2;
+				} else {
+					fmt = doformat(fmt, &rval);
+					if (fmt == NULL)
+						return (1);
+					end = 0;
+				}
+				start = fmt;
+			} else
+				fmt++;
+			if (gargv > maxargv)
+				maxargv = gargv;
+		}
+		gargv = maxargv;
+
+		if (end == 1) {
+			warnx1(_("missing format character"), NULL, NULL);
+			return (1);
+		}
+		(void) fwrite(start, 1, PTRDIFF(fmt, start), stdout);
+		if (!*gargv)
+			return (rval);
+		/* Restart at the beginning of the format string. */
+		fmt = format;
+		end = 1;
+	}
+	/* NOTREACHED */
+}
+
+
+static char *
+doformat(char *fmt, int *rval)
+{
+	static const char skip1[] = "#'-+ 0";
+	int fieldwidth, haveprec, havewidth, mod_ldbl, precision;
+	char convch, nextch;
+	char *start;
+	char **fargv;
+	char *dptr;
+	int l;
+
+	start = alloca(strlen(fmt) + 1);
+
+	dptr = start;
+	*dptr++ = '%';
+	*dptr = 0;
+
+	fmt++;
+
+	/* look for "n$" field index specifier */
+	l = strspn(fmt, digits);
+	if ((l > 0) && (fmt[l] == '$')) {
+		int idx = atoi(fmt);
+		if (idx <= myargc) {
+			gargv = &myargv[idx - 1];
+		} else {
+			gargv = &myargv[myargc];
+		}
+		if (gargv > maxargv) {
+			maxargv = gargv;
+		}
+		fmt += l + 1;
+
+		/* save format argument */
+		fargv = gargv;
+	} else {
+		fargv = NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* skip to field width */
+	while (*fmt && strchr(skip1, *fmt) != NULL) {
+		*dptr++ = *fmt++;
+		*dptr = 0;
+	}
+
+
+	if (*fmt == '*') {
+
+		fmt++;
+		l = strspn(fmt, digits);
+		if ((l > 0) && (fmt[l] == '$')) {
+			int idx = atoi(fmt);
+			if (fargv == NULL) {
+				warnx1(_("incomplete use of n$"), NULL, NULL);
+				return (NULL);
+			}
+			if (idx <= myargc) {
+				gargv = &myargv[idx - 1];
+			} else {
+				gargv = &myargv[myargc];
+			}
+			fmt += l + 1;
+		} else if (fargv != NULL) {
+			warnx1(_("incomplete use of n$"), NULL, NULL);
+			return (NULL);
+		}
+
+		if (getint(&fieldwidth))
+			return (NULL);
+		if (gargv > maxargv) {
+			maxargv = gargv;
+		}
+		havewidth = 1;
+
+		*dptr++ = '*';
+		*dptr = 0;
+	} else {
+		havewidth = 0;
+
+		/* skip to possible '.', get following precision */
+		while (isdigit(*fmt)) {
+			*dptr++ = *fmt++;
+			*dptr = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (*fmt == '.') {
+		/* precision present? */
+		fmt++;
+		*dptr++ = '.';
+
+		if (*fmt == '*') {
+
+			fmt++;
+			l = strspn(fmt, digits);
+			if ((l > 0) && (fmt[l] == '$')) {
+				int idx = atoi(fmt);
+				if (fargv == NULL) {
+					warnx1(_("incomplete use of n$"),
+					    NULL, NULL);
+					return (NULL);
+				}
+				if (idx <= myargc) {
+					gargv = &myargv[idx - 1];
+				} else {
+					gargv = &myargv[myargc];
+				}
+				fmt += l + 1;
+			} else if (fargv != NULL) {
+				warnx1(_("incomplete use of n$"), NULL, NULL);
+				return (NULL);
+			}
+
+			if (getint(&precision))
+				return (NULL);
+			if (gargv > maxargv) {
+				maxargv = gargv;
+			}
+			haveprec = 1;
+			*dptr++ = '*';
+			*dptr = 0;
+		} else {
+			haveprec = 0;
+
+			/* skip to conversion char */
+			while (isdigit(*fmt)) {
+				*dptr++ = *fmt++;
+				*dptr = 0;
+			}
+		}
+	} else
+		haveprec = 0;
+	if (!*fmt) {
+		warnx1(_("missing format character"), NULL, NULL);
+		return (NULL);
+	}
+	*dptr++ = *fmt;
+	*dptr = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Look for a length modifier.  POSIX doesn't have these, so
+	 * we only support them for floating-point conversions, which
+	 * are extensions.  This is useful because the L modifier can
+	 * be used to gain extra range and precision, while omitting
+	 * it is more likely to produce consistent results on different
+	 * architectures.  This is not so important for integers
+	 * because overflow is the only bad thing that can happen to
+	 * them, but consider the command  printf %a 1.1
+	 */
+	if (*fmt == 'L') {
+		mod_ldbl = 1;
+		fmt++;
+		if (!strchr("aAeEfFgG", *fmt)) {
+			warnx2(_("bad modifier L for %%%c"), *fmt, NULL);
+			return (NULL);
+		}
+	} else {
+		mod_ldbl = 0;
+	}
+
+	/* save the current arg offset, and set to the format arg */
+	if (fargv != NULL) {
+		gargv = fargv;
+	}
+
+	convch = *fmt;
+	nextch = *++fmt;
+
+	*fmt = '\0';
+	switch (convch) {
+	case 'b': {
+		size_t len;
+		char *p;
+		int getout;
+
+		p = strdup(getstr());
+		if (p == NULL) {
+			warnx2("%s", strerror(ENOMEM), NULL);
+			return (NULL);
+		}
+		getout = escape(p, 0, &len);
+		(void) fputs(p, stdout);
+		free(p);
+
+		if (getout)
+			exit(*rval);
+		break;
+	}
+	case 'c': {
+		char p;
+
+		p = getchr();
+		PF(start, p);
+		break;
+	}
+	case 's': {
+		const char *p;
+
+		p = getstr();
+		PF(start, p);
+		break;
+	}
+	case 'd': case 'i': case 'o': case 'u': case 'x': case 'X': {
+		char *f;
+		intmax_t val;
+		uintmax_t uval;
+		int signedconv;
+
+		signedconv = (convch == 'd' || convch == 'i');
+		if ((f = mknum(start, convch)) == NULL)
+			return (NULL);
+		if (getnum(&val, &uval, signedconv))
+			*rval = 1;
+		if (signedconv)
+			PF(f, val);
+		else
+			PF(f, uval);
+		break;
+	}
+	case 'e': case 'E':
+	case 'f': case 'F':
+	case 'g': case 'G':
+	case 'a': case 'A': {
+		long double p;
+
+		if (getfloating(&p, mod_ldbl))
+			*rval = 1;
+		if (mod_ldbl)
+			PF(start, p);
+		else
+			PF(start, (double)p);
+		break;
+	}
+	default:
+		warnx2(_("illegal format character %c"), convch, NULL);
+		return (NULL);
+	}
+	*fmt = nextch;
+
+	/* return the gargv to the next element */
+	return (fmt);
+}
+
+static char *
+mknum(char *str, char ch)
+{
+	static char *copy;
+	static size_t copy_size;
+	char *newcopy;
+	size_t len, newlen;
+
+	len = strlen(str) + 2;
+	if (len > copy_size) {
+		newlen = ((len + 1023) >> 10) << 10;
+		if ((newcopy = realloc(copy, newlen)) == NULL) {
+			warnx2("%s", strerror(ENOMEM), NULL);
+			return (NULL);
+		}
+		copy = newcopy;
+		copy_size = newlen;
+	}
+
+	(void) memmove(copy, str, len - 3);
+	copy[len - 3] = 'j';
+	copy[len - 2] = ch;
+	copy[len - 1] = '\0';
+	return (copy);
+}
+
+static int
+escape(char *fmt, int percent, size_t *len)
+{
+	char *save, *store, c;
+	int value;
+
+	for (save = store = fmt; ((c = *fmt) != 0); ++fmt, ++store) {
+		if (c != '\\') {
+			*store = c;
+			continue;
+		}
+		switch (*++fmt) {
+		case '\0':		/* EOS, user error */
+			*store = '\\';
+			*++store = '\0';
+			*len = PTRDIFF(store, save);
+			return (0);
+		case '\\':		/* backslash */
+		case '\'':		/* single quote */
+			*store = *fmt;
+			break;
+		case 'a':		/* bell/alert */
+			*store = '\a';
+			break;
+		case 'b':		/* backspace */
+			*store = '\b';
+			break;
+		case 'c':
+			if (!percent) {
+				*store = '\0';
+				*len = PTRDIFF(store, save);
+				return (1);
+			}
+			*store = 'c';
+			break;
+		case 'f':		/* form-feed */
+			*store = '\f';
+			break;
+		case 'n':		/* newline */
+			*store = '\n';
+			break;
+		case 'r':		/* carriage-return */
+			*store = '\r';
+			break;
+		case 't':		/* horizontal tab */
+			*store = '\t';
+			break;
+		case 'v':		/* vertical tab */
+			*store = '\v';
+			break;
+					/* octal constant */
+		case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3':
+		case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7':
+			c = (!percent && *fmt == '0') ? 4 : 3;
+			for (value = 0;
+			    c-- && *fmt >= '0' && *fmt <= '7'; ++fmt) {
+				value <<= 3;
+				value += *fmt - '0';
+			}
+			--fmt;
+			if (percent && value == '%') {
+				*store++ = '%';
+				*store = '%';
+			} else
+				*store = (char)value;
+			break;
+		default:
+			*store = *fmt;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	*store = '\0';
+	*len = PTRDIFF(store, save);
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+getchr(void)
+{
+	if (!*gargv)
+		return ('\0');
+	return ((int)**gargv++);
+}
+
+static const char *
+getstr(void)
+{
+	if (!*gargv)
+		return ("");
+	return (*gargv++);
+}
+
+static int
+getint(int *ip)
+{
+	intmax_t val;
+	uintmax_t uval;
+	int rval;
+
+	if (getnum(&val, &uval, 1))
+		return (1);
+	rval = 0;
+	if (val < INT_MIN || val > INT_MAX) {
+		warnx3("%s: %s", *gargv, strerror(ERANGE));
+		rval = 1;
+	}
+	*ip = (int)val;
+	return (rval);
+}
+
+static int
+getnum(intmax_t *ip, uintmax_t *uip, int signedconv)
+{
+	char *ep;
+	int rval;
+
+	if (!*gargv) {
+		*ip = *uip = 0;
+		return (0);
+	}
+	if (**gargv == '"' || **gargv == '\'') {
+		if (signedconv)
+			*ip = asciicode();
+		else
+			*uip = asciicode();
+		return (0);
+	}
+	rval = 0;
+	errno = 0;
+	if (signedconv)
+		*ip = strtoimax(*gargv, &ep, 0);
+	else
+		*uip = strtoumax(*gargv, &ep, 0);
+	if (ep == *gargv) {
+		warnx2(_("%s: expected numeric value"), *gargv, NULL);
+		rval = 1;
+	} else if (*ep != '\0') {
+		warnx2(_("%s: not completely converted"), *gargv, NULL);
+		rval = 1;
+	}
+	if (errno == ERANGE) {
+		warnx3("%s: %s", *gargv, strerror(ERANGE));
+		rval = 1;
+	}
+	++gargv;
+	return (rval);
+}
+
+static int
+getfloating(long double *dp, int mod_ldbl)
+{
+	char *ep;
+	int rval;
+
+	if (!*gargv) {
+		*dp = 0.0;
+		return (0);
+	}
+	if (**gargv == '"' || **gargv == '\'') {
+		*dp = asciicode();
+		return (0);
+	}
+	rval = 0;
+	errno = 0;
+	if (mod_ldbl)
+		*dp = strtold(*gargv, &ep);
+	else
+		*dp = strtod(*gargv, &ep);
+	if (ep == *gargv) {
+		warnx2(_("%s: expected numeric value"), *gargv, NULL);
+		rval = 1;
+	} else if (*ep != '\0') {
+		warnx2(_("%s: not completely converted"), *gargv, NULL);
+		rval = 1;
+	}
+	if (errno == ERANGE) {
+		warnx3("%s: %s", *gargv, strerror(ERANGE));
+		rval = 1;
+	}
+	++gargv;
+	return (rval);
+}
+
+static int
+asciicode(void)
+{
+	int ch;
+
+	ch = **gargv;
+	if (ch == '\'' || ch == '"')
+		ch = (*gargv)[1];
+	++gargv;
+	return (ch);
+}
+
+static void
+usage(void)
+{
+	(void) fprintf(stderr, _("usage: printf format [arguments ...]\n"));
+}
diff --git a/usr/src/mei/printf/src/printf.rs b/usr/src/mei/printf/src/printf.rs
index b343e6d..b9c129c 100644
--- a/usr/src/mei/printf/src/printf.rs
+++ b/usr/src/mei/printf/src/printf.rs
@@ -54,62 +54,27 @@ fn usage() {
 fn escape(escstr: String) -> String {
     let escmap = vec![
         ("\\\\", "\\"),
-        //("\\a", "\a"),
-        //("\\b", "\b"),
-        //("\\f", "\f"),
+        //("\\a", "\a"), // alert! (run bell)
+        //("\\b", "\b"), // backspace: moves the printing position back one unless the beginning of
+                         // the line
+        //("\\f", "\f"), // form-feed: moves the printint position to the start of the next logical
+                         // page ... not even sure what this means in modern practice, or how to
+                         // implement it.  My paper terminal doesn't have pages.
         ("\\n", "\n"),
         ("\\r", "\r"),
         ("\\t", "\t"),
-        //("\\v", "\v"),
+        //("\\v", "\v"), // vertical-tab: moves the printing position to the next vertical tab
+                         // position.  If no vtabs are left, behaviour is undefined.
     ];
     let mut im = escstr.to_owned();
     for esc in escmap {
         im = str::replace(im.as_str(), esc.0, esc.1);
     }
-    // TODO: Handle octal esc
+    // TODO: Handle octal esc \nnn where nnn is a 1-, 2-, or 3-digit octal number
 
     im.clone()
 }
 
-/*
- * fn fmt(fmtstr: String, args: Vec<String>) -> String {
- *     let mut formatted: String = "".to_string();
- *     let mut data = args.into_iter();
- *     let fmtiter = fmtstr.clone();
- *     let mut fmtiter = fmtiter.chars().peekable();
- *     for _idx in 1..fmtstr.len() {
- *         let c: Option<char> = fmtiter.next();
- *         match c {
- *             Some('%') => {
- *                 let next: char = if let Some(v) = fmtiter.next() {
- *                     v
- *                 } else {
- *                     formatted += String::from('%').as_str();
- *                     break;
- *                 };
- *                 match next {
- *                     'd' => {
- *                         if let Some(arg) = data.next() {
- *                             if let Ok(i) = arg.parse::<i64>() {
- *                                 formatted += String::from(format!("{i}")).as_str();
- *                             } else {
- *                                 eprintln!("printf: trying to format non-int data as int");
- *                             }
- *                         } else {
- *                             eprintln!("printf: format argument not supplied");
- *                         }
- *                     },
- *                     _ => formatted += {String::from('%') + String::from(next).as_str()}.as_str(),
- *                 }
- *             },
- *             Some(c) => formatted += String::from(c).as_str(),
- *             None => break,
- *         }
- *     }
- *     formatted.clone()
- * }
- */
-
 fn fmtint(s: &str, d: Option<String>) -> String {
     if let Some(i) = d {
         format!("{i}")
@@ -118,46 +83,94 @@ fn fmtint(s: &str, d: Option<String>) -> String {
     }
 }
 
+fn fmthex(s: &str, d: Option<String>, upper: bool) -> String {
+    String::new()
+}
+
+fn fmtstr(s: &str, d: Option<String>) -> String {
+    if let Some(st) = d {
+        format!("{st}")
+    } else {
+        String::new()
+    }
+}
+
 fn chkfmt(chkstr: &str) -> bool {
     // TODO: check if the thing is correct
     true
 }
 
-fn fmt(fmtstr: String, args: Vec<String>) -> String {
-    let mut formatted: String = "".to_string();
+fn fmt(fmtstrng: String, args: Vec<String>) -> Option<String> {
+    let mut formatted: String = String::new();
     let mut args = args.into_iter();
-    let fmtb = fmtstr.as_bytes();
+    let fmtb = fmtstrng.as_bytes();
     let mut i = 0;
     while i < fmtb.len() {
         if fmtb[i] == b'%' {
             if !(i + 1 >= fmtb.len()) {
                 let mut xe = i + 1;
                 // find end of format specifier and get its index
-                while xe < fmtb.len() {
-                    match fmtb[xe] {
-                        b'd' | b'i' | b'o' | b'u' | b'x' | b'X' | b'f' | b'e' | b'E' | b'g'
-                        | b'G' | b'c' | b's' | b'%' => break,
-                        _ => xe += 1,
+                if fmtb[i + 1] != b'%' {
+                    while xe < fmtb.len() {
+                        match fmtb[xe] {
+                            b'd' | b'i' | b'o' | b'u' | b'x' | b'X' | b'f' | b'e' | b'E' | b'g'
+                            | b'G' | b'c' | b's' => break,
+                            _ => xe += 1,
+                        }
                     }
+                    if !(chkfmt(&fmtstrng[i..xe])) {
+                        eprintln!("printf: invalid format string");
+                        i += 1;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    if xe >= fmtb.len() {
+                        eprintln!("printf: unmatched format escape");
+                        return None;
+                    }
+                    match fmtb[xe] {
+                        // signed dec
+                        b'd' => formatted += fmtint(&fmtstrng[i..xe], args.next()).as_str(),
+
+                        // unsigned dec
+                        // b'u' => formatted += fmtuint(&fmtstrng[i..xe], args.next()).as_str(),
+
+                        // unsigned hex
+                        b'X' => formatted += fmthex(&fmtstrng[i..xe], args.next(), true).as_str(),
+                        b'x' => formatted += fmthex(&fmtstrng[i..xe], args.next(), false).as_str(),
+
+                        // unsigned oct
+                        // b'o' => formatted += fmtoct(&fmtstrng[i..xe], args.next()).as_str(),
+
+                        // floating point
+                        // b'f' => formatted += fmtfloat(&fmtstrng[i..xe], args.next()).as_str(),
+                        // b'e' => formatted += fmtfloatext(&fmtstrng[i..xe], args.next(), false).as_str(),
+                        // b'E' => formatted += fmtfloatext(&fmtstrng[i..xe], args.next(), true).as_str(),
+                        // b'g' => formatted += this sucks
+                        // b'G' => formatted += this sucks more
+
+                        // unsigned char
+                        // b'c' => formatted += fmtchar(&fmtstrng[i..xe], args.next()).as_str(),
+
+                        // string
+                        b's' => formatted += fmtstr(&fmtstrng[i..xe], args.next()).as_str(),
+
+                        // at this point, this match should be impossible
+                        _ => {
+                            eprintln!("illegal format character {}", &fmtstrng[xe..xe + 1]);
+                            return None;
+                        },
+                    };
+                } else {
+                    formatted += &"%";
                 }
-                if !(chkfmt(&fmtstr[i..xe])) {
-                    eprintln!("printf: invalid format string");
-                    i += 1;
-                    continue;
-                }
-                match fmtb[xe] {
-                    b'd' => formatted += fmtint(&fmtstr[i..xe], args.next()).as_str(),
-                    // at this point, this match should be impossible
-                    _ => (),
-                };
                 i = xe;
             }
         } else {
-            formatted += &fmtstr[i..i+1];
+            formatted += &fmtstrng[i..i+1];
         }
         i += 1;
     }
-    formatted.clone()
+    Some(formatted.clone())
 }
 
 fn main() -> ExitCode {
@@ -169,8 +182,11 @@ fn main() -> ExitCode {
     }
 
     if let Some(fmtstr) = args.format {
-        let fmtstr = fmt(escape(fmtstr), args.argument);
-        print!("{fmtstr}");
+        if let Some(fmtstr) = fmt(escape(fmtstr), args.argument) {
+            print!("{fmtstr}");
+        } else {
+            return ExitCode::FAILURE;
+        }
     }
 
     ExitCode::SUCCESS